NAME

       lsusb - list USB devices

SYNOPSIS

       lsusb [ options ]

DESCRIPTION

       lsusb  is  a  utility for displaying information about USB buses in the
       system and the devices connected to them.

       To make use of all the features of this program, you  need  to  have  a
       Linux  kernel  which  supports the /proc/bus/usb interface (e.g., Linux
       kernel 2.3.15 or newer).

OPTIONS

       -v, --verbose
              Tells lsusb to be verbose and display detailed information about
              the  devices shown.  This includes configuration descriptors for
              the device’s current speed.  Class descriptors  will  be  shown,
              when  available,  for  USB  device classes including hub, audio,
              HID, communications, and chipcard.

       -s [[bus]:][devnum]
              Show only devices in specified bus and/or devnum.  Both ID’s are
              given in hexadecimal and may be omitted.

       -d [vendor]:[product]
              Show  only  devices  with  the  specified vendor and product ID.
              Both ID’s are given in hexadecimal.

       -D device
              Do not scan the /proc/bus/usb directory,  instead  display  only
              information  about  the  device whose device file is given.  The
              device file  should  be  something  like  /proc/bus/usb/001/001.
              This option displays detailed information like the v option; you
              must be root to do this.

       -t     Tells lsusb to dump the physical USB device hierarchy as a tree.

       -V, --version
              Print   version  information  on standard output, then exit suc-
              cessfully.

DIAGNOSTICS

       cannot open /proc/bus/usb/nnn/nnn, Permission denied (13)
              To get detailed  information,  lsusb  must  open  the  files  in
              /proc/bus/usb  in read-write mode.  You must be root in order to
              do this.

RETURN VALUE

       If the specified device is not found, a non-zero exit code is returned.

FILES

       /usr/share/usb.ids
              A  list  of all known USB ID’s (vendors, products, classes, sub-
              classes and protocols).

       /proc/bus/usb
              An interface to USB devices provided by  the  post-2.3.15  Linux
              kernels.  Contains  per-bus subdirectories with per-device files
              and a devices file displaying some of the descriptors  for  each
              USB  device.   This  interface is also support by some 2.2 Linux
              kernels.

SEE ALSO

       lspci(8)

Program installation:
sudo apt-get install mencoder mplayer

You may want to rename your video files to make life easier.

If you are use to using ” you can go the following:
cat video1.mpg video2.mpg video3.mpeg > video.avi

After they are put together use mencoder to sync the video with the audio:
mencoder -forceidx -oac copy -ovc copy video.mpg -o finalvideo.mpg

An easier method is:

mencoder -oac copy -ovc copy video1.mpg video2.mpg video3.mpeg -o finalvideo.mpg

Many people are familiar with the “cat” command.  Most of us use it when dealing with text and logging.
This command can also be use to put multiple video files together.

Example:
cat video1.mpg video2.mpg > finalvideo.mpg

This is best when using video without audio.
If putting two video files together that have audio you will need to sync the video and sound with a program like mencoder.

cat command options:

cat [OPTION] [FILE]…

Description

Concatenate FILE(s), or standard input, to standard output.

-A, –show-all

equivalent to -vET

-b, –number-nonblank

number nonblank output lines

-e

equivalent to -vE

-E, –show-ends

display $ at end of each line

-n, –number

number all output lines

-s, –squeeze-blank

never more than one single blank line

-t

equivalent to -vT

-T, –show-tabs

display TAB characters as ^I

-u

(ignored)

-v, –show-nonprinting

use ^ and M- notation, except for LFD and TAB

–help

display this help and exit

–version

output version information and exit

With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.

Examples

cat f – g

Output f’s contents, then standard input, then g’s contents.

cat

Copy standard input to standard output.

Sometimes you need to see the changes that have been made on a DNS server, but these changes are stuck in your workstation DNS cache.

Similar to Windows ipconfig /flushdns you can flush your Linux computers DNS.
You must first install the name service cache daemon (nscd).  This is not usually installed by default.
After the install is complete you can simply restart the nscd as need to clean your DSN cache.

1. sudo apt-get install nscd
2. Flush DNS Cache in Ubuntu Using the following command
3. sudo /etc/init.d/nscd restart